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Paintings Images Biography

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Picasso was born in Malaga on 25th October, 1881. His parents were Maria Picasso Lopez and professor of arts Jose Ruiz Blasco. Till 1898 he was always using both last names to sign his works, but around 1901 he skipped his first last name and started to use only his mother's one. Picasso did his first paintings when he was only 10 years and in his 15 passed with brilliant success the entrance examinations to the School of Fine Arts in Barcelona with his great paint on linen - Science and Charity (1897, Museum Picasso, Barcelona). With this same picture he obtained the first honorary mention in the exhibition of Fine Arts.

Between 1900 and 1902 Picasso made three journeys to Paris and finally settled down there in 1904. The Bohemian atmosphere of the Parisian streets fascinated him from the first moment. In his pictures he captured people in the dance halls and in the coffees the assimilation of the post-impressionism of Paul Gauguin and the symbolism of the nabi painters. The themes of the work of Edgar Degas and Henri Marie Raymond Toulouse-Lautrec, exerted great influence on Picasso's own creation. The picture Blue Room (1901, Collection Phillips, Washington) reflects the work of both painters and, simultaneously, shows his evolution towards the blue period, thus called by the predominance of the blue tones in the works that Picasso made during these years. In these pictures he reflected the human misery with debilitated workers, beggars, alcoholics and prostitutes.

Picasso met his first companion, Fernande Olivier shortly after settling down in Paris in a cranky building. In this happy relationship Picasso changed his colour table towards pink and red tones; years 1904 and 1905 are known as pink period. Themes were focused on the world of the circus, that Picassooften visited and created works like Acrobat Family (1905, National Gallery, Washington). In the Harlequin Picasso reflected his alter ego, feature that he also repeated in later works.

He became friend with the poet Max Jacob, with the writer Guillaume Apollinaire, with the tradesmen Ambroise Vollard and Daniel Henry Kahnweiler and with the rich American residents in France – Gertrude Stein and her brother Leo, who became his first patrons. All of them were portrayed by the painter. During his stay in Gósol, Spain, in the summer 1906, his work entered to new phase marked by the influence of the Greek, Iberian and African art. The famous portrait of Gertrude Stein (1905–1906, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York) reveals the face in the form of mask. The key work of this period is the Young ladies of Avignon (1907, Museum of Modern Art, New York), so radical in his style that was not understood by the critics and painters of that period. Besides the traditional painting, Picasso in this work broke the space depth and the form of naked representation of the feminine, reconstructing it by lines and sharp and angular planes.